Preparation of Teaching Resource Material
Sponsored by : Ministry of Steel, Government of India
Workshops for University Faculty (June - July 2001)
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A	Area or Gross area of a cross section
Ae	Effective area of a section
Aeff	Effective area
An	Net area of a section
Ast	Area of an intermediate stiffener
At	Tensile stress area of a bolt
a	Effective throat size of a fillet weld
a1	Net sectional area of connected elements
a2	Gross sectional area of connected
B	Overall width of an element
b	Flat width of an element
beff	Effective width of a compression element
ber	Reduced effective width of a sub-element
beu	Effective width of an unstiffened compression element
Cb	Coefficient defining the variation of moments on a beam
CT	Constant depending on the geometry of a T-section
CW	Warping constant of a section
c	Distance from the end of a beam to the load or the reaction
D	Overall web depth
De	Equivalent depth of an intermediately stiffened web
D2	Distance between the centre line of an intermediate web stiffener and the tension element
d	Diameter of a bolt or Diameter of a spot weld
de	Distance from the centre of a bolt to the end of an element
deff	Effective diameter of a circular plug or elongated plug weld
dr	Recommended tip diameter of an electrode
dw	Visible diameter of a circular plug or elongated plug weld.
E	Modulus of elasticity of steel
e	Distance between a load and a reaction
es	Distance between the geometric neutral axis and the effective neutral axis of a section
Fc	Applied axial compressive load
Fs	Shear force (bolts)
Ft	Applied tensile load
Fv	Shear force
Fw	Concentrated load on a web
fa	Average stress in a flange
fc	Applied compressive stress
G	Shear modulus of steel
g	Gauge, i.e. distance measured at right angles to the direction of stress in a member, centre-to-centre of holes in consecutive lines
h	Vertical distance between two rows of connections in channel sections
I	Second moment of area of a cross section about its critical axis
Imin	Minimum required second moment of area of a stiffener
Is	Second moment of area of a multiple stiffened element
Ix, Iy	Second moment of area of a cross section about the x and y axes respectively
J	St Venant torsion constant of a section
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